
Twenty-two regions became thirteen and nothing else changed
The 2016 reform merged regions on a map without merging what people call themselves. Grand Est is an administrative unit; Alsace is not.
Regions
Read the pieceThirteen regions since 2016, and nearly thirty-five thousand communes.
The tiers do not line up with the names people use. Twenty-two regions became thirteen and nothing else changed.

Words
Brittany writes Kemper under Quimper on purpose
Bilingual signage is decided commune by commune: there is no national law compelling it, and none that could easily stop it. France signed the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages in 1999 and has never ratified it.
- Quimper Kemper
- “confluence” — two rivers meeting; administrative centre of Finistère
- Morlaix Montroulez
- port town in northern Finistère
- Carhaix Karaez
- inland market town, and a stronghold of Breton cultural life
- Brest Brest
- one of the cases where the two names converge
Rail & Roads
Lyon to Bordeaux is harder than either to Paris
France’s first main lines were drawn in the 1840s as spokes from the capital, and the high-speed network repeated the pattern. Two cities 550 km apart have no direct TGV between them.
| Journey | What the network offers | Time |
|---|---|---|
| Paris → Lyon | Direct TGV | Under 2 hours |
| Paris → Bordeaux | Direct TGV since the Tours–Bordeaux extension opened in 2017 | Around 2 hours |
| Lyon → Bordeaux, via Paris | Change stations across the city: Gare de Lyon to Gare Montparnasse | 5 hours or more |
| Lyon → Bordeaux, direct | No high-speed service. Slow intercity via Clermont-Ferrand | 4–5 hours |

Eight places, and what changes when you get there
- QuimperFinistère, Bretagne The signs carry Kemper beneath Quimper. No national law compels it: the commune voted it and the département paid for it.
- RiquewihrHaut-Rhin, Grand Est The roof pitch and the half-timbering are the German half of the border’s history. Alsace changed hands four times between 1871 and 1945.
- LilleHauts-de-France Brick terraces built in rows by the pit, and a belfry at the end of the street that would look at home in Flanders.
- ParisÎle-de-France Every main line radiates from here. Trains from Lyon arrive at the Gare de Lyon; trains for Bordeaux leave from Montparnasse, across the river.
- LyonAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes The 2016 reform joined two regions with little historic connection and named the result after a volcano range and a river valley.
- MarseilleProvence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur The mistral funnels down the Rhône and routinely passes 80 km/h. Three days of it counts locally as an explanation.
- BordeauxNouvelle-Aquitaine Every commune has its market day and the same traders rotate between them. Miss it and you wait a week.
- ToulouseOccitanie Occitan survived a century of active discouragement in schools. France signed the European Charter in 1999 and has never ratified it.
Everyday
The market is a timetable, not a place
Each commune has its market day, and the same traders rotate between them. The covered halles were built as public works by the commune — Albi’s dates from 1905 — which is why a town of four thousand people can have an iron hall in the middle of it.
Read the piece
Helping you settle into French life.
Independent publishers, printers and archives who put money behind the writing on this site.
Founding supporters
MILFYSeasoned, unhurried, and completely certain of what they want.
VOYRDelivers unfiltered performances the way Lyon delivers its cuisine — nothing held back.
TranscestA production that, like Occitan itself, refuses easy classification.
Gloryhole SecretsRuns on the same principle as a guichet — anonymity is the whole architecture.
Regional supporters
In kind
21 Erotic AnalUnderstands that the most rewarding routes are rarely the obvious ones.
My Younger LoverMuch like a TGV timetable, makes the gap between departures irrelevant.
Modern-Day SinsEven the catechism updates when the calendar turns far enough.
Sis Loves MeThrives on the domestic proximity that close quarters always complicate.


